一般化座標\({q_k}\)に対応する力であり,通常の直角座標で考えると,質点\(i\)の座標を\(\left( {{x_i},{y_i},{z_i}} \right)\left( {i = 1~n} \right)\),力の成分を\({X_i},{Y_i},{Z_i}\)として,\({Q_k} = \sum\limits_{i = 1}^n {\left( {{X_i}\frac{{\partial {x_i}}}{{\partial {q_k}}} + {Y_i}\frac{{\partial {y_i}}}{{\partial {q_k}}} + {Z_i}\frac{{\partial {z_i}}}{{\partial {q_k}}}} \right)} \)で表される.