====== マクスウェル分布 ======
==== Maxwell distribution ====
{{tag>..c10}}
Maxwell-Boltzmann分布を粒子の並進運動に適用したもので,速度分布関数は\[\begin{array}{l} f\left( {{v_x},{v_y},{v_z}} \right)d{v_x}d{v_y}d{v_z}\\ = {f_0}\exp \left\{ { - \frac{{m\left( {{v_x}^2 + {v_y}^2 + {v_z}^2} \right)}}{{2kT}}} \right\}d{v_x}d{v_y}d{v_z} \end{array}\]//f//0は規格化定数,\({v_x},{v_y},{v_z}\)は速度**//v//**の//**x**//, //y//, //z//成分.速度//v//(//v//2=//v////x//2+//v////y//2+//v////z//2)の分布関数\(f\left( v \right)\)は\[f\left( v \right)dv = 4\pi {\left( {\frac{m}{{2\pi kT}}} \right)^{3/2}}{e^{ - \frac{{m{v^2}}}{{2kT}}}}{v^2}dv\]
~~NOCACHE~~