| ====================================================================== ENGINEERING NEWS IN BRIEF E-Mail Newsletter No.93 Issued by the Asian TOP Panel, September 2009 The Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society (CMES) The Institution of Engineers, Indonesia (PII) The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers (JSME) The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers (KSME) ====================================================================== According to the agreement made in the 2nd Asian TOP Panel Meeting, the ENGINEERING NEWS IN BRIEF (E-mail newsletter) has now been edited by the JSME for the year 2009. ====================================================================== [Contents] 1) Hydraulic-Mechanical Transmission for Motorcycle (Source: JSME) 2) Shape evaluation of 3D Micro Products Using SFS Method (Source: JSME) 3) Development of the Sound Absorber Panel Composed of Micro Perforated Aluminum Plate and Foil (Source: JSME) 4) Okayama Biomedical Engineering Professional (OBEP) -for the company having hope to develop medical devices instruments- (Source: JSME) 5) Design and Performance Characteristic Analysis of Servo Valve-type Water Hydraulic Poppet Valve (Source: KSME) 6) The Measurement of Thermal Conductivities Using the Photothermal Deflection Method for Thin Films with Varying Thickness (Source: KSME) 7) An Investigation on the Fuel Behavior for a PFI Type Motorcycle Engine (Source: KSME) ======================================================================== 1) Hydraulic-Mechanical Transmission for
Motorcycle (Source: JSME) An automatic transmission for motorcycle
of the new design that added the efficiency
improvement mechanism and the automatic
start
clutch mechanism was developed based
on the
hydraulic mechanical transmission with
an
original one axis structure. _________________________________________________________________________ 2) Shape Evaluation of 3D Micro Products Using SFS Method (Source: JSME) Takashi Maekawa, Yokohama National University We present a method to evaluate the shape of 3D micro products from several 2D images of an object taken from different views. The data acquisition system consists of a digital microscope, and a computer controlled turntable. We employ the Shape-From-Silhouette (SFS) method, which constructs a voxel-based 3D model from silhouette images. The concave shapes are further carved by the space carving technique. In order to make the resulting model compatible with the CAD/CAM system, the voxel model is converted into a triangular mesh using the Marching Cubes algorithm. Since the mesh generated from the voxel model by using the Marching Cubes algorithm inherits the staircase effect, the mesh is adjusted to recover the object precisely by using silhouette images. Finally, we evaluate the accuracy of the proposed method. The reconstructed models of complex objects show the effectiveness of the proposed inexpensive 3D shape evaluation system for micro products. _________________________________________________________________________ 3) Development of the Sound Absorber Panel Composed of Micro Perforated Aluminum Plate and Foil (Source: JSME) Ichiro Yamagiwa, Kobe Steel, Ltd. The fiber sound absorbing material often
has subjects, such as a health issue
by scattering
of the fiber produced by the aged deterioration
and falure of a protection film, the
application difficulty resulting from a hardness,
weatherability, a heat resisting property,
independence nature, recycling efficiency,
etc. Moreover, in the motor-car and the railway-vehicle
field, environmental preservation and
improvement
in the speed are demanded, and importance
is attached to the weight saving and
the
sound-noise problem as an antimonial
subject.
In order to solve these subjects, research
and development of the sound absorbing
material
constituted from an aluminum micro-perforated
panel have been furthered. By applying
the
attenuation theory of the air which
passes
along a hole part to the transfer-matrix
method based on one-dimensional wave
motion
theory, the method of predicting the
frequency
response characteristics of an acoustic
absorption
coefficient from the dimensions of
a perforated
panel was drawn, and it applied to
the sound
structural design technology of the
perforated
panel. The noise barrier made from aluminum micro-perforated
panel developed using this design technique
is explained. 4) Okayama Biomedical Engineering Professional (OBEP) -for the company having hope to develop medical devices instruments- (Source: JSME) Takeru Naiki, Okayama University of Science There are some paticular steps to develop medical devices and medical instruments, such as safety test, animal test, clinical trials, manufacturing approval, and so on. These severe hurdle prevents the embarkation of new commers upon health care industry. This year we started the educational program for engineers to tutor the basical method for developing medical devices and instruments with the supportment by Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST). This program named “Okayama Biomedical Engineering Professional (OBEP)” has been looking widely around Okayama Prefecture for the engineers who wants to learn about the above. This program will be held on untill 2014. Please contact to our Home Page, http://www.bme.ous.ac.jp/~OBEP/. _________________________________________________________________________ 5) Design and Performance Characteristic Analysis of Servo Valve-type Water Hydraulic Poppet Valve (Source: KSME) Sung-Hwan Park, Pusan National University For water hydraulic system control, the flow or pressure control using high-speed solenoid valve controlled by PWM control method could be a good solution for prevention of internal leakage. However, since the PWM control of on-off valves cause extensive flow and pressure fluctuation, it is difficult to control the water hydraulic actuators precisely. In this study, the servo valve-type water hydraulic valve using proportional poppet as the main valve is designed and the performance characteristics of the servo valve-type water hydraulic valve are analyzed. Furthermore, it is demonstrated through experiments that a decline in control chamber pressure that follows the change of pilot flow is caused by the occurrence of cavitation around the proportional poppet, and that fundamental characteristics of the developed valve remain unaffected by the occurrence of cavitation. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6) The Measurement of Thermal Conductivities Using the Photothermal Deflection Method for Thin Films with Varying Thickness (Source: KSME) H. J. Kim(1)/J. H. Kim(1)/P. S. Jeon(2)/J. Yoo(2) This study considers non-contact methods that obviate the causes of measurement error, such as thermal contact resistance and the unnecessary destruction of samples. Among the methods, the photothermal deflection method has been adopted and developed to measure the thermal conductivities of thin-film materials. To apply the developed method for thin films, bi-layered materials are manufactured by depositing the film on Corning 7740 glass plates. The study also investigates the optimal modulation frequency, as related to the thermal diffusion length of the sample, for measuring thermal conductivities of thin films.. Aluminum, TiO2, and Si3N4 films with micro/nanometer thickness were selected as the objects for measurement; the thermal conductivities of these films were experimentally measured. Samples of thickness ranging from 1 ? to 200 ? were prepared to measure the variations in thermal conductivities with thickness. It was observed that the thermal conductivity in submicroscale films decreased as the thickness was reduced. _________________________________________________________________________ 7) An Investigation on the Fuel Behavior for a PFI Type Motorcycle Engine (Source: KSME) Hyungmin Kim/Kihyung Lee, Recently, the electrically controlled fuel injection type motorcycle has been emphasized in order to meet regulations for exhaust emissions. However, there are many difficulties in selecting the control parameters because the pulsation phenomenon occurs in the intake port due to the higher speed operating range and the smaller layout than for a passenger car. Therefore, we investigated the injector spray characteristics which are applied to a 4-valve motorcycle gasoline engine. The spray characteristics were visualized by using a CCD camera synchronized with the stroboscope at 6000 rpm. Furthermore, we compared the simulation results using the VECTIS code with experimental results. The results showed that the trajectory of the spray was directed towards the lower wall of the intake port when the fuel was injected at closed valve timing. On the other hand, when the fuel was injected at open valve timing, a large portion of the fuel was lifted towards the upper half of the port. In addition, open valve injection makes fuel evaporation time short; this resulted in better mixture formation than a closed valve injection. From this result, we found that injection timing has a great effect on the mixture formation within a motorcycle cylinder.
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