| ====================================================================== ENGINEERING NEWS IN BRIEF E-Mail Newsletter No.73 Issued by the Asian TOP Panel, January 2008 The Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society (CMES) The Institution of Engineers, Indonesia (PII) The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers (JSME) The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers (KSME) ====================================================================== According to the agreement made in the 2nd Asian TOP Panel Meeting, the ENGINEERING NEWS IN BRIEF (E-mail newsletter) has now been edited by the CMES for the year 2008. ====================================================================== [Contents] (1) Development of Doctor BQ (Source: JSME) (2) Frontiers of Experimental Nanomechanics (Source: JSME) (3) iSIGHT-FD 2.0 (Source: JSME) (4) Development of a Pneumatic Artificial Muscle Reinforced by Straight fibers (Source: JSME) (5) Development of World-Largest Class Deployable Antenna for Future Advanced Mobile Communication Satellite Successful Deployment of Large Deployable Antenna Reflector Onboard Engineering Test Satellite VIII in orbit (Source: JSME) (6) Development of Sterilization System by Nonequilibrium Plasma Flow at Atmospheric Pressure (Source: JSME) (7) Flow Analysis of "Complex" fluids (Source: JSME) (8) Fatigue Test and Simulation on the Steel Welded L-Shaped Frame (Source: KSME) (9) Effect of Lean-rich Fuel Staging to the Multiple Jet Flames on the Blowout Velocity (Source: KSME) (10) Performance Analysis of a Gas Turbine for Power Generation Using Syngas as a Fuel (Source: KSME) (11) WCEAM-IMS2008 (Source: CMES) (12) The 13th Beijing Essen Welding & Cutting Fair (Source: CMES) ======================================================================== (1) Development of Doctor BQ Mitsuhiro KAWAGAI, KGT Inc. A diagnosis of osteoporosis is now performed by the measurement of bone mineral density. To consider the bone strength, however, it is important to analyze the microscopic stress accurately under macroscopic loading condition considering furthermore micro/nano scale characteristics, which include the trabecular architecture at microscale and biological apatite (BAp) crystallite orientation at nanoscale. They are supposed to determine the bone quality. However, there is not CAE software considering high resolution for the bone. Therefore we developed multi-scale biomechanics simulator DoctorBQ. This report introduces the details of DoctorBQ. The microstructure model is obtained by ?CT images by means of the image-based modeling technique. It is analyzed by the homogenization method considering the BAp crystallite orientation to obtain the equivalent macroscopic material properties. In addition, the microscopic modeling based on the morphology analysis that evaluates the heterogeneity and periodicity is proposed. In the evaluation of microscopic stress, a three-dimensional visualization method and a new histogram that quantifies the stress distribution are proposed. ======================================================================== (2) Frontiers of Experimental Nanomechanics Yoshimasa ISONO, RITSUMEIKAN UNIVERSITY One of the most promising new areas of engineering is nano electro mechanical systems (NEMS), which integrate nanometer scale mechanical elements and electronics on a common silicon substrate. In the structural design of NEMS, the element size effect on mechanical properties has to be considered. As the size scale is reduced, surface effects may begin to dominate the material response; consequently, bulk properties measured on larger specimens are no longer valid. For purposes of design and engineering innovation in NEMS, it is essential to establish experimental technology for nanomechanics. Methodologies of experimental nanomechanics are reported; (i) the nanoscale bending testing for silicon nanowires using an AFM and (ii) nanoscale tensile testing for FIB deposited carbon nanowires using Electrostatic Actuated NAno Tensile testing devices (EANATs). The 200 nm-wide silicon nanowires showed plastic deformation behaviors in the thermal activated process at even 373 K. The plastic deformation range also increased with an increase of temperature and a reduction of specimen size; therefore, the structural design considering temperature and strain rate is significant for reliable NEMS. The EANTAs revealed Young's modulus and fracture strength of 85 nm-diametric carbon nanowires were about 60 GPa and 4.5 GPa, respectively. The high stiffness of the carbon nanowires would be sufficient to use as a nanometric structural material in NEMS. ======================================================================== (3) iSIGHT-FD 2.0 Nobuyuki SUZUKI, ENGINEOUS JAPAN Inc. [iSIGHT-FD 2.0] is a suite of visual and flexible tools used to set up an automated plan to thoroughly explore the design space and find optimum and product solutions. Ths software's advanced, interactive post-processing tools let you see the design space from multiple potins of view, to ensure that you thoroughly understand the trade-offs leading to the best design decisions. ======================================================================= (4) Development of a Pneumatic Artificial Muscle Reinforced by Straight fibers Taro NAKAMURA, CHUO UNIVERSITY This paper describes experimental comparison between a conventional McKibben type artificial muscle and Straight fibers type artificial muscle developed by the authors. A wearable device and a rehabilitation robot which assists a human muscle should have charac-teristics similar to those of human muscle. In addition, because the wearable device and the rehabilita-tion robot should be light, an actuator with a high power/weight ratio is needed. At present, the McKib-ben type is widely used as an artificial muscle, but in fact its physical model is highly nonlinear. Fur-ther, the heat and mechanical loss of this actuator are large because of the friction caused by the expansion and contraction of the sleeve. Therefore, the authors have developed an artificial muscle tube in which high strength glass fibers have been built into the tube made from natural latex rubber. As results, experimental results demonstrated that the developed artificial muscle is more effective regarding its funda-men-tal character-istics than that of McKibben type; the straight fibers types of artificial muscle have more contraction ratio and power, longer lifetime than McKibben types. And it has almost same characteristics of human muscle for isotonic and isometric that evaluate it dynamically. ============================================================ (5) Development of World-Largest Class Deployable Antenna for Future Advanced Mobile Communication Satellite Successful Deployment of Large Deployable Antenna Reflector Onboard Engineering Test Satellite VIII in orbit Akira MEGURO, JAPAN AEROSPACE EXPLORATION AGENCY The large deployable antenna reflector (LDR) is a key technology for a feature advanced mobile communication satellite system. The LDR enable a mobile satellite communication system to use hand-held phones for personal communications and/or to use portable terminals for high-speed data transmissions. Two LDRs (TX-LDR for transmitting and RX-LDR for receiving) whose aperture is 13 m in diameter (mechanical dimension is 19m x 17 m) are installed on Engineering Test Satellite VIII. ETS-VIII was launched by H-IIA launch vehicle on 15 December 2006. After the successful injection into GSO, the RX-LDR and the TX-LDR were successfully deployed on December 25th and 26th, respectively. Design and ground testing methodologies were verified by deployment characteristics obtained during in-orbit operations. ============================================================ (6) Development of Sterilization System by Nonequilibrium Plasma Flow at Atmospheric Pressure Takehiko SATO, Institute of Fluid Science, TOHOKU UNIVERSITY Establishment of safe and easy-to-handle sterilization and disinfection technologies is very important for prevention of infection, especially for the aged or the very young, who are less resistant to infection. To solve these problems, research on sterilization and disinfection methods using nonequilibrium plasma flow is being done. The nonequlibrium plasma flow has advantages of low temperature, mild chemical reaction and low cost. This report introduces the sterilization mechanism and the application to catheter sterilization with the plasma flow, and it shows that this system has a possibility to apply for commercial products in the medical field. ============================================================ (7) Flow Analysis of "Complex" fluids Takehiro YAMAMOTO, OSAKA UNIVERSITY Complex fluids have inner microstructures. The inner structures change with flow, and the flow-induced structures originate characteristic rheological properties and flow behavior of complex fluids. Hence the analysis of flow-induced-structure is an effective approach for revealing the flow mechanism of complex fluids. However, in practical flows encountered in industrial processing, one faces with multiscale problems that include phenomena of length and time scales spanning several orders of magnitude, e.g. as for time scale, from motion time of microscale structures to process time. This fact makes the numerical simulation of flows of complex fluids with capturing the dynamics of the flow-induced inner structures harder. Consequently, it is important to develop efficient multiscale approaches to this problem and to choose adequate description of complex fluids and adequate methods for coupling the computation of dynamics of inner structures and that of macro flows. The development of multiscale simulation methods for the flow of complex fluids is one of attractive topics in this field. ============================================================ (8) Fatigue Test and Simulation on the Steel Welded L-Shaped Frame Jung-Hee Lee, Young-Shin Lee, Jae-Hoon Kim, Jeong-Pyo Kong, Kyu-Hyun Han (Chungnam National University) A fatigue test on the steel welded L-shaped frame was conducted. The frame was consisted with carbon steel tube and reinforced bracket. The four type reinforced brackets were fabricated. They were two rectangular plate reinforced bracket, two sided pentagon plate reinforced bracket, triangular plate reinforced bracket and fully reinforced bracket. The fatigue test of frame was conducted with axial tension loading. The fatigue simulation of the steel welded L-shaped frame was also performed by the finite element method with code FEMFAT. The frame of fully reinforced bracket had the highest fatigue life and reinforced quality factor. Key words: L-Shaped Welded Frame, Fatigue Test, Simulation, Fatigue Life, Reinforced Quality Factor ============================================================ (9)Effect of Lean-rich Fuel Staging to the Multiple Jet Flames on the Blowout Velocity Byeong-Jun Lee, Kyungwook Park (Yeungnam University) It has been reported that partially premixed interacting flame could be sustained till sonic exit velocities if eight small nozzles are arranged optimally and one nozzle on the center is fed small amount of fuel. But the equivalence ratios in this experiments were 20-60. In this research, experiments were conducted to know the effects of lean-rich staging in multiple jet flames on the blowout velocity. The fuel mole fractions in the fuel-air mixture, the nozzle exit velocity and the diameter between adjacent nozzles were alternatively changed. When the lower mole fraction fuel was fed to the nozzles located near the center and small amount of fuel to the center nozzle, flame was not extinguished even at the nozzle exit velocity of 200m/s. Also the interacting flame could be sustained till that velocity when four small size nozzles for lean mixture were located within the arrangement of four nozzles for rich mixture and configured optimally. Key words: Interaction, Multiple Jet Flame, Lean-rich Fuel Staging ============================================================ (10)Performance Analysis of a Gas Turbine for Power Generation Using Syngas as a Fuel Jong Jun Lee, Kyu Sang Cha (Inha University), Jeong Lak Sohn (Seoul National University), Yong Jin Joo (Korea Electric Power Research Institute) Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) power plant converts coal to syngas, which is mainly composed of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, by the gasification process and produces electric power by the gas and steam turbine combined cycle power plant. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of using syngas in a gas turbine, originally designed for natural gas fuel, on its performance. A commercial gas turbine is selected and variations of its performance characteristics due to adopting syngas is analyzed by simulating off-design gas turbine operation. Since the heating value of the syngas is lower, compared to natural gas, IGCC plants require much larger fuel flow rate. This increases the gas flow rate to the turbine and the pressure ratio, leading to far larger power output and higher thermal efficiency. Examination of using two different syngases reveals that the gas turbine performance varies much with the fuel composition. Key Words: Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle, Gas Turbine, Syngas, Composition, Performance Change ============================================================ (11) WCEAM-IMS2008 Third World Congress on Engineering Asset Management and Intelligent Maintenance System 2008(WCEAM-IMS2008jwill be held on 28-30 October 2008, at Beijing International Convention, Beijing China. The objective of WCEAM-IMS 2008 is to bring together leading academics, industry practitioners and research scientists form around the world to: l Advance the body of knowledge in Engineering Asset Management (EAM), l Strengthen the link between industry, academia and research, l Promote the development and application of research, and l Showcase state-of-the-art-technologies. WCEAM-IMS 2008 is a high-level conference in the field of EAM and IMS. It is aimed at providing a platform for exchanging state-of-the-art technologies and information in the field. Several distinguished key note speakers will be invited to present the latest developments in the field. ============================================================ (12)The 13th Beijing Essen Welding & Cutting Fair Jointly sponsored by The Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society (CMES) and its Welding Institution, China Welding Association, Electric Welding Machine Committee of China Electrical Equipment Industry Association, German Welding Society and Messe Essen GmbH, the 13th Beijing Essen Fair is to be held at China International Exhibition Center, Beijing, on May 14-17, 2008. After 20 years' development, the fair has become the largest welding show in Asia and the second largest one in the world. It is expecting about 700 exhibitors from over 20 countries and regions covering an exhibiting space of 61000 square meters. Leading manufacturers, such as Lincoln, ESAB, OCT, Fronius, Kemppi, ABB, KUKA, Fanuc, Messer, Bohle Thyssen, etc. all will participate in this show with their latest technologies and solutions. Moreover, many Chinese local manufacturers will also take this show as an important stage to promote products. During the show, there are also plenty of international Forums and technical seminars held by sponsers and exhibitors. For detailed information, please visit website http://essen.cmes.org. ============================================================ Editor : Masao Nagai , International Affairs Committee Published by The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Shinanomachi-Rengakan Bldg, Shinanomachi 35, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0016, Japan FAX : 81-3-5360-3508 All Rights Reserved, Copyright C 2002 The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers URL:http//www.jsme.or.jp [English Version] |
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