ENGINEERING NEWS IN BRIEF

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                  ENGINEERING NEWS IN BRIEF
                        E-Mail Newsletter

                               No.60
             Issued by the Asian TOP Panel, December 2006

           The Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society (CMES)
           The Institution of Engineers, Indonesia (PII)
           The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers (JSME)
           The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers (KSME)

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    According to the agreement made in the 2nd Asian TOP Panel Meeting,
the ENGINEERING NEWS IN BRIEF (E-mail newsletter) has now been edited
by the CMES for the year 2006.

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[Contents]

(1) 2007 International Forum on Welding Technologies in Shipping Industry
    (Source: CMES)
(2) Mechanism Architecture Of Humanoid Robot (Source: CMES)
(3) Influence Of Magnetic Field Orientation On Welding Residual Stress
    (Source: CMES)
(4) Digital Fabrication Using Printing Technology (Source: JSME)
(5) Application of Ultrasonic Wave Cutters to Soft Material Such as Car Fixings
    (Source: JSME)
(6) Smartway Open Field Test Demo2006 toward the Next-Generation Intelligent
     Transport Systems(ITS) (Source: JSME)
(7) Experimental Study of Heating Surface Angle Effects on Single Bubble Growth
     (Source: KSME)
(8) Immune Algorithm Based Active PLD Control for Structure Systems
    (Source : KSME)
(9) The Detection of Esophagitis by Using Back Propagation Network Algorithm
     (Source : KSME)

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(1) "Inaugurating The New Area Of Shipping Manufacture"
2007 International Forum on Welding Technologies in Shipping Industry
June 16-18, 2007 Shanghai China

Main Topics:
The status quo and future of shipping manufacturing.
The application of new materials, new equipments and new technologies in shipping welding.
Environment protection, high effect and energy saving in shipping welding.
The advanced modes of manufacturing and management in shipping welding.
The features and key technologies in welding for oceanic engineering.
The allied technology in shipping welding manufacturing.

Sponsors:
Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society (CMES) and it's Welding Institution
Organizer
Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society (CMES) and it's Welding Institution
Shanghai AIMS International Congress Services Ltd.

Co-Sponsors
Shanghai Welding Association
Shanghai Welding Institution
Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Jiangnan Shipyard (Group) Co. Ltd.
Shanghai Waigaoqiao Shipbuilding Co. Ltd
Hudong-Zhonghua Shipbuilding (Group) Co. Ltd
Beijing University of Technology
Shanghai Shipyard and Chengxi Shipyard Co. Ltd
Dalian Shipbuilding Industry Co. Ltd
Shanghai Shipbuilding Technology Research Institute

The Executive Chair
Tianhu, SONG, Vice director of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society (CMES)

Supporter:
<<Machinist>>, <<Electric Welding Machine>>, <<Transactions of the China Welding Institution>>
Contacts

Mrs. Yuan TIAN tianyuan@cmes.org
46 Sanlihe Road.
Beijing 100823, China

Tel: +86 10 6859 4819
Fax: +86 10 6853 3613

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(2) Mechanism Architecture Of Humanoid Robot

     ZHOU Yulin GAO Feng School of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University
     State Key Laboratory of Vibration, Shock & Noise, Shanghai Jiaotong University,

The current status and development of the mechanismarchitecture of humanoid robots are summarized and the characteristics of the serial architectures used universally in current humanoid robots at home and abroad are analyzed; The structures of human body is simply introduced and joints, the constitution of limbs and its movement are investigated and simplified. The simplified architecture of human body is set up. Using basic movement units, human architecture as the prototype, based on the viewpoints of bionics-starting from structure, movement and function, the mechanism architectures of humanoid robot are constructed by means of equivalent mechanisms of joints and combination between them under introducing parallel mechanism at the joints with multiple DOFs. Some parallel, compound (series-parallel) mechanism architectures for humanoid robot limbs and global compound mechanism architectures are gotten. The advantages of this class architectures are: The movement of the off-end of limbs are more flexible, smooth and consecutive; Output status of mechanism and the ability of maneuver and operation of humanoid robot is improved; The load capacity, stiffness, motion stability of humanoid robot are enhanced. The works done here enrich the mechanism architectures of humanoid robots. This is significant foundation in theory and a new choice for the design of humanoid robots.

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(3) Influence Of Magnetic Field Orientation On Welding Residual Stress

     LIN Jian CAI Zhipeng Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University
     ZHU Yu'an WU Gang Beijing Equipment Installation Engineering Corporation

Since the rule of pulse magnetic treatment, which is a novel method to reduce residual stress in steel structures, has not been clear yet, the magnetic field orientation, which is a key factor influencing the variation of residual stress in the process of magnetic treatment, is studied. Firstly, samples with required stress are manufactured by bead on plate welding. Secondly, residual stress distribution is surveyed by hole-drilling method. Then different samples are processed in the magnetic field with different orientations and the residual stresses are measured again. By comparing the residual stress before and after treatment, it is shown that under the same conditions different magnetic field orientations will lead to different residual stress variations. When the field is parallel to the maximal stress, residual stress is changed imperceptibly, while residual stress can be changed obviously if the applied field is perpendicular to the maximum stress. In order to explain the orientation phenomena, the magnetostriction under different field orientations is investigated. And the experimental results show that magnetostriction performs dramatic differently with different magnetic field orientations, which may be the main reason to explain the relationship between field orientations and residual stress variations.

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(4) Digital Fabrication Using Printing Technology

     Toru MIYASAKA, Hitachi, Ltd. Mechanical Engineering Research Laboratory

Digital fabrication using printing technology is expected to be a new manufacturing
technology for items such as electronic devices. A conventional manufacturing process that uses vacuums, high-temperatures, photo-lithograph, etc., is complicated and expensive. Using digital fabrication, simplification of a manufacturing process and reduction of costs are possible. Moreover, the reasons interest has moved to this
technology are its effective use of the production materials, multi-product production
with a short lead time, etc.
Specifically, these advantages are needed in the flat panel display field to rapidly cut costs and avoid enormous capital investments. In recent years, many new manufacturing technologies using digital fabrication have been reported in the Society of Information Display, etc. Last year, the Society of Imaging Science & Technology, a society studying the digital printing technique, hosted the Digital Fabrication Processes Conference 2005 for the first time.

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(5) Application of Ultrasonic Wave Cutters to Soft Material Such as Car Fixings

     Nobua ASAKA, NIHON SHOURYOKU KIKAI CO.,LTD.

We realized the high speed and accurate cutting method by a high-power ultrasonic
vibration blade unit setting on seven knees robot for large materials of any shapes.
We were able to define just fitting condition on the system through not only experiences but also our studies for ultrasonic vibration. As results, we had a clear shape cut under high speed over 10m/sec, although clothes include glass wool and detailed curve figures. Furthermore, intermittent cutting is possible by a cutting condition, and various advantages come out by this. I give an example below. I can prevent buckling up of a blade of case of curve cutting. A correct cutting trace is provided by a revision of transformation of a blade. We report cutting method by copying, cutting while compressing materials, automatic abrasion of a blade, and keeping cutting condition. By solution of further clarification of cutting mechanism, and by solution of a problem about neighboring technology, we want to make it high cutting technology.

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(6) Smartway Open Field Test Demo2006 toward the Next-Generation Intelligent
Transport Systems(ITS)

Harutoshi YAMADA, Research Center for Advanced Information Technology, National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport

Setsuo HIRAI, Intelligent Transport System Division, National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport

Hiroshi MAKINO, Intelligent Transport System Division, National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport

Hiroyuki OOUCHI, Intelligent Transport System Division, National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport

Shingo OOTSUKA, Intelligent Transport System Division, National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport

ITS R&D efforts for practical use in Japan have been aggressively made to solve issues of recurring traffic accidents, degraded natural environment, and traffic congestion. Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) unit with 5.8GHz for Electronic Toll Collection System (ETC)is also capable of transmitting a large amount of data to vehicles in motion, and a new DSRC on board unit (OBU) applicable to various services is also being developed.
To follow the proposal titled ITS Enter the second stage established in August 2004 by the Smartway Project Advisory Committee, a joint research project for the Next-Generation Road Service System was organized among 23 private companies and National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management (NILIM) to conduct a series of technical R&D on ITS-OBU and roadside systems, aiming to the dissemination of a multi-functional OBU in 2007.
In February 2006, as part of the joint research project, an open demonstration Smartway Demo 2006, was held to visualize the ITS services to be provided in the next generation. The demonstration presented five ITS services: About 1,000 participants of DEMO2006 during 3 days (22-24 February 2006) took a test ride on the experimental vehicle, and expressed quite favorable opinions on the Next-Generation Road Service System.

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(7) Experimental Study of Heating Surface Angle Effects on Single Bubble Growth

     Jeongbae Kim KIER(Korean Institute of Energy Research)
     Hyung Dae Kim, Moo Hwan Kim Pohang University of Science andTechnology
     Jangho Lee Kunsan National University
     Young Chul Kwon Sunmoon University
     Jeong Hoon Kim Pusan National University

Nucleate pool boiling experiments were performed using pure R11 for various surface angles under constant heat flux conditions during saturated pool boiling. A 1-㎜-diameter circular heater with an artificial cavity in the center that was fabricated using a MEMS technique and a high-speed controller were used to maintain the constant heat flux. Bubble growth images were taken at 5000 frames per second using a high-speed CCD camera. The bubble geometry was obtained from the captured bubble images. The effects of the surface angle on the bubble growth behavior were analyzed for the initial and thermal growth regions using dimensional scales. The parameters that affected the bubble growth behavior were the bubble radius, bubble growth rate, sliding velocity, bubble shape, and advancing and receding contact angles. These phenomena require further analysis for various surface angles and the obtained constant heat flux data provide a good foundation for such future work.

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(8) Immune Algorithm Based Active PLD Control for Structure Systems

     Young Jin Lee Korea Aviation Polytechnic College
     Hyun Cheol Cho, University of Nevada-Reno
     Kwon Soon Lee Dong A University

An immune algorithm is a kind of evolutional computation strategies, which is developed in the basis of a real immune mechanism in the human body. Recently, scientific or engineering applications using this scheme are remarkably increased due to its significant ability in terms of adaptation and robustness for external disturbances. Particularly, this algorithm is efficient to search optimal parameters against complicated dynamic systems with uncertainty and perturbation. In this paper, we investigate an immune algorithm embedded Proportional Integral Derivate (called I-PID) control, in which an optimal parameter vector of the controller is determined offline by using a cell-mediated immune response of the immunized mechanism. For evaluation, we apply the proposed control to mitigation of vibrations for nonlinear structural systems, cased by external environment load such as winds and earthquakes. Comparing to traditional controls under same simulation scenarios, we demonstrate the innovation control is superior especially in robustness aspect.

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(9) The Detection of Esophagitis by Using Back Propagation Network Algorithm

     Kwang-wook Seo, Byeong-ro Min and Dae-weon Lee
     Sung Kyun Kwan University

The results of this study suggest the use of a Back Propagation Network (BPN) algorithm for the detection of esophageal erosions or abnormalities which are the important signs of esophagitis in the analysis of the color and textural aspects of clinical images obtained by endoscopy. The authors have investigated the optimization of the learning condition by the number of neurons in the hidden layer within the structure of the neural network. By optimizing learning parameters, we learned and have validated esophageal erosion images and/or ulcers functioning as the critical diagnostic criteria for esophagitis and associated abnormalities. Validation was established by using twenty clinical images. The success rates for detection of esophagitis during calibration and during validation were 97.91% and 96.83%, respectively.

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Editor : Tian Ruizhu
           The Dept. of Internationa Affairs
           Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society